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San Joaquin Valley is another key table grape production area in California. Here,
production comes from Fresno, Kings, Tulare, Kern and Madera Counties. This
valley is the foremost agricultural region in California. Through the Central Valley
Project, it distributes water from the Bay Delta and San Joaquin River throughout
the whole valley, mainly for agriculture purposes. The population relies on ground
water for urban requirements. According to Galloway and Riley (undated), mining
ground water is at the basis of the agricultural wealth, which is one main
characteristic of San Joaquin. Derived from excessive water abstractions, the
valley exposes a major subsidence problem. This was first noted in 1935, due to
aquifer system compaction as a result of sustained ground-water overdraft.
Besides, deposits of moisture-deficient deposits above the water table, as well as
fluid withdrawal for oil and gas fracking. There is one single cause which is not
derived from an anthropogenic origin. That is to say, a subsidence derived from
crustal neotectonic movements.
Well known for providing green jobs, the San Joaquin Valley exhibits additional
drawbacks. It has some of the highest levels of poverty and unemployment in the
state of California. Above one quarter (28%) of the community water systems,