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The above mentioned waterway completed in 1948, is a branch of the All-American
Canal.
One third of farm irrigation is supplied from the Coachella aquifer by means
of privately owned wells. Besides the Colorado River, the Coachella Valley Water
District (CVWD) also resorts to the Sacramento Bay Delta and entitlements for
snow capture from San Gorgonio Mountains. By means of percolation ponds it has
four different sites for artificial aquifer replenishment. By reinforcing natural
recharge, it has been able to deter the aquifer overdraft while supplying agricultural
and urban water requirements. Due to the high water demand including agricultural
abstractions which account for two thirds of the total use, in 1994 the
replenishment of the eastern subbasin of the Coachella Valley commenced. At
present, there are three groundwater replenishment facilities for this section in the
valley. Nevertheless, a degree of fragility prevails
4
This 130 kilometer long aqueduct was built in 1930 by the United States Bureau
of Reclamation and Six Companies Inc. Authorized in 1928 along with the Hoover
Dam in the Colorado River, it was completed in 1942. Its lining of 37 kilometers
between 2007 and 2009 to prevent seepage was challenged on environmental and
economic grounds, Unfortunately, litigation in United States courts eschewed the
Mexicali Valley water users, which became deprived of this influx, while the
Colorado River is a binational resource (US Bureau of Reclamation, 2006; Cortez
Lara
et al.
2009).
5
By 2014, California faced a third consecutive dry year. Water users among
various sectors, i.e., for instance, agricultural, municipal, fisheries and wildlife, have
been enduring severe pressure.