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meters (Mm
3
)
while recharge estimates are being placed at 250 Mm
3
. As a result,
excessive extractions at around 181 Mm
3
have been abating the water table,
reaching an overexploitation index of 1.72
Back in 1953, a government decree
forbade new water abstractions. A second decree was issued a decade later
(1963), enlarging the previous area banning further water abstractions. In 1967, an
additional perimeter was added regarding a similar restriction.
A recent attempt to solve chronic water shortages in Hermosillo without
implementing explicit water saving alternatives in crop production has erupted.
After declining water desalinization alternatives to alleviate basic urban water
needs, considering that Hermosillo is close to 110 kilometers from the seaside,
an alternative decision was made at the federal level. A 172 km. steel pipe
waterway was built. Known as
Acueducto Independencia
, it derives water from
El
Novillo
Yaqui river dam. Having being built from 2010 to 2013, the steel pipe itself
9
In Mexico, estimates of water abstractions by the water authority
i.e.,
Conagua,
are made on the basis of water entitlements. However, the specific amount of
water withdrawals are not being measured. As a result, a bias is entailed.
10
Conagua (2009).
11
This is the result of dividing the flows of extractions by recharges.
12
That is to say, Bahía Kino.